What are negatively charged particles known as?

Negatively charged particles are known as electrons. Electrons are fundamental subatomic particles that carry a negative electric charge of approximately -1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs. They are essential components of atoms, found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, which is composed of protons and neutrons.

The unique property of electrons is their charge, which is critical for understanding electricity, chemical bonding, and numerous physical phenomena. Since they are free to move in conductive materials, their movement constitutes electric current, which is essential in the field of engineering and technology.

In contrast, protons, which are positively charged, and neutrons, which have no charge, are located in the nucleus of an atom. Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons and therefore carry a net positive or negative charge, but not all ions are negatively charged; only those that have gained electrons are considered anions.