What does a specification document describe?

A specification document is primarily designed to outline the specific guidelines and requirements that a component or system must meet in terms of its performance, functionality, and design. This includes details such as measurement criteria, quality standards, and operational parameters. The purpose of such a document is to ensure that all stakeholders, including engineers, designers, and manufacturers, have a clear understanding of what is expected from the component in order to achieve the desired outcomes.

While other topics, such as marketing strategies, environmental impacts, or user manuals, are important considerations in product development, they are not the focus of a specification document. Instead, the specification is concise and technical, aiming directly at how the product or component should behave under specific conditions, thereby serving as a foundational reference for engineering and design efforts.