What is the main purpose of surface treatment for materials?

The primary purpose of surface treatment for materials is to enhance wear and corrosion resistance. Surface treatments, including processes such as coating, plating, or hardening, are designed specifically to protect the underlying material from environmental factors that can lead to deterioration. By improving the material's surface properties, these treatments help to extend the lifespan of components, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure better performance in various applications.

While increasing tensile strength, reducing weight, and improving electrical conductivity are important material properties, they do not typically fall under the main objectives of surface treatment. Surface treatments focus on modifying the outer layer of a material to combat factors such as oxidation, abrasion, and other forms of wear, thereby improving durability and reliability in practical uses.