What phenomenon occurs when a voltage is produced by moving a magnet within a coil of wire?

The phenomenon that occurs when a voltage is produced by moving a magnet within a coil of wire is known as electromagnetic induction. This principle states that a changing magnetic field within a closed loop of wire induces an electromotive force (EMF) or voltage across the wire. This is a fundamental concept in the fields of physics and electrical engineering.

Electromagnetic induction is the underlying principle behind many electrical devices, such as generators and transformers. When a magnet is moved in and out of a coil or when the coil is moved through a magnetic field, the relative motion between the magnet and the coil causes the magnetic field experienced by the coil to change over time. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, this change in magnetic flux induces a voltage in the coil.

This ability to generate voltage through motion is crucial for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is a common process in power generation. Understanding this phenomenon is essential for working with various technologies that rely on electromagnetism.