What term describes processes that change the size and shape of a workpiece?

The term that describes processes aimed at changing the size and shape of a workpiece is "shaping." Shaping involves a variety of techniques, such as cutting, machining, or molding, that alter the physical dimensions and contours of materials to achieve a specific design or functional requirement.

In shaping, the primary goal is to produce a desired geometry and size, which is crucial in manufacturing components that fit together or meet precise specifications. This can involve subtractive processes, where material is removed from a workpiece, or formative processes, where materials are shaped through techniques like extrusion or molding.

Understanding shaping is critical in engineering, as it directly impacts the integrity, performance, and functionality of the final product. Other processes listed may complement shaping but do not primarily focus on changing the size and shape of a workpiece in the same way. For example, joining refers to techniques to connect separate pieces, finishing processes enhance surface quality, and forming generally pertains to bending or assembling materials rather than altering their size and shape.