What type of solid is characterized as an inorganic, non-metallic material primarily made from metal and non-metal elements?

Ceramics are indeed characterized as inorganic, non-metallic materials that typically consist of a combination of metal and non-metal elements. They are known for their properties such as high hardness, high melting points, and resistance to chemical corrosion, which make them suitable for a wide range of applications. The structure of ceramics is often crystalline or partially crystalline, which contributes to their strength and durability.

In contrast, composites are materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties, which retain their identities in the resulting structure. Polymers are made from long chains of organic molecules and are often characterized by their flexibility, low density, and ease of processing. Metal alloys consist primarily of metallic elements and enhance the properties of metals, but do not fit the non-metallic categorization that defines ceramics.

Thus, the defining characteristics of ceramics align precisely with the description provided in the question, making it the correct answer.