Which process involves pouring molten metal into a mould that cools and solidifies into a desired shape?

The process of pouring molten metal into a mould, which then cools and solidifies into a specific shape, is known as casting. This method allows manufacturers to create complex shapes and designs with precise dimensions by using various types of moulds made from materials like sand, metal, or ceramic.

During the casting process, the molten metal is carefully poured into the mould cavity, where it fills the shape of the mould. As it cools, the metal transitions from a liquid state to a solid state, taking on the characteristics of the mould cavity. This technique is widely used in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, and art, due to its efficiency in producing intricate parts economically.

In contrast, other processes involve different techniques. Welding joins metal parts together through heat, forging involves shaping metal through compressive forces, and machining removes material from a workpiece to achieve the desired dimensions and surface finish. Each of these processes serves a different purpose in metalworking, making them distinct from the casting process.